Ventricular Tachycardia Essays - Cardiac Arrhythmia,

Ventricular Tachycardia Meg Carroll June 28, 2000 Ventricular Tachycardia A dysrhythmia of the heart is a sporadic heartbeat musicality. Ventricular tachycardia is a dysrhythmia in which the lower offices of the heart, the ventricles, beat curiously quick. The pulse is estimated with an electrocardiogram, or ECG. This is a machine that quantifies the electrical driving forces from the patient's heart. This is shown on a screen or ECG diagram paper. The containers on the chart paper measure time. Five little boxes are equivalent to one enormous box. The enormous box speaks to two-tenths of a second. The atrial withdrawal is spoken to by the P wave. This is an upward, or positive flood of the line on the chart. The ventricular withdrawal is shown by the QRS complex. The QRS complex is made out of three waves, the Q, R, and S waves. The Q wave is the main descending, or negative development on the diagram. The R wave is the positive development following the Q wave. It transcends the beginning stage of the Q wave. The S wave is a negative development following the R wave. The S wave restores the line to the first benchmark. The T wave, the repolarization of the ventricle, is a positive rush of the line that closes one beat of the heart. The atrial repolarization isn't spoken to on the diagram. It is consumed by the QRS complex, which is a more grounded drive. In a typical heart beat, there is one P wave for each QRS complex and T wave. The QRS complex is no bigger than three little boxes on the chart paper. Each beat comes at a similar span as different beats. During ventricular tachycardia, the P wave isn't spoken to. The QRS complex is wide. The T wave is absent on the chart. The stretches between pounds can be to multiple times shorter than a typical mood. An ordinary heart pulsates somewhere in the range of sixty to one hundred times each moment. The sinoatrial hub or SA hub, is a region of specific tissue in the correct chamber at the crossroads of the unrivaled vena cavae. The SA hub is the essential pacemaker of the heart. It begins the heartbeat by unexpectedly contracting, making the remainder of the heart contract in a wave. The wave spreads through the atria before arriving at the atrioventricular hub, or AV hub, found simply over the correct ventricle. The AV hub centers the wave into the ventricles, getting the ventricles. Should the SA hub come up short, the AV hub can take over as the essential pacemaker at a pace of forty to sixty beats for each moment. Should both the SA hub and the AV hub come up short, there is a tertiary pacemaker, the perkinje strands. Perkinje strands are situated close to the base of the ventricles and can animate withdrawal at a pace of twenty to forty beats for each moment. On the off chance that the perkinje strands or the AV hub gets bothered, they can start compression of the ventricles at speeds well better than average. Different reasons for ventricular tachycardia incorporate coronary illness and drugs. At the point when the ventricles are contracting at a rate more prominent than one hundred pulsates every moment, the heart gets wasteful. Blood can't appropriately fill the ventricular chambers before it is constrained out. This declines the measure of oxygenated blood circling through the body. The absence of oxygen in the body makes the heart endeavor to siphon more blood, driving the ventricles to work considerably harder. Should the ventricular rate ascend over one hundred fifty beats for every moment, patients as a rule require cardioversion. Cardioversion is electric stun treatment. It acts like a reset button, halting all activity with the goal that the heart can start ordinary thumping once more. Cardioversion, or defibrillation, ought to be done up to multiple times in expanding quality, no under 200 joules and close to 300 sixty joules. In the event that the patient is still in ventricular tachycardia, defibrillation is utilized related to specific prescriptions. The principal drug given to a patient in ventricular tachycardia is epinephrine. One milligram is managed quickly, every three to five minutes. Epinephrine improves blood move through the body and holds the heart in a contractile state until it the whole heart can unwind. This permits the AV hub to recapture

Creative Story: State Highway :: essays research papers

Imaginative Story: State Highway      It was a rankling blistering July evening, with all the windows up and the cooling on greatest, the little youngster addressed again why he was going to take school level courses when he had as of late completed his lesser year in secondary school. He felt like it was a million degrees inside the red minivan. As he gone a South way alone Arkansas State Highway 55, with the cadenced beet of the tires out and about, he felt as figured he could feel each knock to its fullest, they resembled waves on a sea and represented all that he had over come and achieved to make this excursion. He not just over came his own self questions about whether he can make it, however numerous who accepted that he was unable to be fruitful in a domain with such a significant number of interruptions. As he sat in the back of the minivan fears over the future started to surface in his mind. "Will I make friends?" "Will I be agreeable such huge numbers of miles from home?" As these musings hustled through his brain he felt alone and a virus shudder was sent through his body. He was no apprehensive and cold in the blistering summer air. He knew intentionally also, legitimately that he was not the only one. For his mom and grandma sat close to him in the minivan and would do whatever they could to support him. In any case, yet he acknowledged something had changed. They were there however would some be gone and that he should draw quality, self-assurance, and a suspicion that all is well and good from inside himself and not depend on the individuals around him to satisfy these sentiments on the grounds that they couldn't give this to him. He should wander into the obscure, alone and could just get a constrained sort of security and backing from home. Notwithstanding of what direction the excursion took him he could generally rely on them being there in case he fell or got lost during his month away.      As the red minivan crossed the state line going from Arkansas into the forceful satisfy of Mississippi. The main picture he saw was an eight foot by twelve foot banner of the state. He knew so minimal about their traditions, convictions and customs. Maybe he were going into a remote nation. As they drove up the principle entrance he could see through the trees in the "Grove" the splendid evening sun reflecting off the segments of the "Ole Miss" Lyceum. As his family helped him empty what appeared to not be sufficient belongings he looked into the Innovative Story: State Highway :: papers inquire about papers Innovative Story: State Highway      It was a rankling sweltering July evening, with all the windows up and the cooling on most extreme, the little fellow addressed again why he was going to take school level courses when he had as of late completed his lesser year in secondary school. He felt like it was a million degrees inside the red minivan. As he gone a South way alone Arkansas State Highway 55, with the cadenced beet of the tires out and about, he felt as figured he could feel each knock to its fullest, they resembled waves on a sea and represented all that he had over come and achieved to make this excursion. He not just over came his own self questions about whether he can make it, yet numerous who accepted that he was unable to be fruitful in a situation with such a significant number of interruptions. As he sat in the back of the minivan fears over the future started to surface in his mind. "Will I make friends?" "Will I be agreeable such huge numbers of miles from home?" As these contemplations dashed through his psyche he felt alone and a virus shudder was sent through his body. He was no apprehensive and cold in the sweltering summer air. He knew deliberately what's more, intelligently that he was not the only one. For his mom and grandma sat close to him in the minivan and would do whatever they could to support him. In any case, yet he acknowledged something had changed. They were there yet would some be gone and that he should draw quality, fearlessness, and a suspicion that all is well and good from inside himself and not depend on the individuals around him to satisfy these emotions on the grounds that they couldn't give this to him. He should wander into the obscure, alone and could just get a restricted sort of security and backing from home. Notwithstanding of what direction the excursion took him he could generally depend on them being there in case he fell or got lost during his month away.      As the red minivan crossed the state line going from Arkansas into the compelling satisfy of Mississippi. The principal picture he saw was an eight foot by twelve foot banner of the state. He knew so minimal about their traditions, convictions and customs. Maybe he were going into an outside nation. As they drove up the principle entrance he could see through the trees in the "Grove" the brilliant evening sun reflecting off the segments of the "Ole Miss" Lyceum. As his family helped him empty what appeared to not be sufficient belongings he looked into the

Anti Discrimination Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Against Discrimination Law - Case Study Example Separation is carefully denounced and debilitated wherever in Europe, however there are slight contrasts between the European law and the English law in the assurance of rights and commitments appointed by the constitution to the general population on the loose. It is, along these lines, the courts and councils arbitrating the cases, both common and criminal in nature, take into genuine thought the realities in regards to whether there is any indication of preferential conduct made by any part or association of society while managing the complainant or treating just as connecting with him under the one-sided demeanor. What's more, the law disallows offering of more favors to anybody as a result of his character qualities and highlights. The arrangements of law plan to set up a general public where fairness, equity, and reasonable play can be seen in varying backgrounds. Thus a few demonstrations have been given and bills have been passed so as to battle the separation difficulty with an iron hand. Despite the fact that law consistently prescribes uniformity and equity to one and all, it isn't really the situation as a general rule. Despite what might be expected, misuse of minority gatherings and one-sided conduct towards the more fragile layer of society is quite vogue in practically all social orders of the world. Before setting out upon the point under investigation, it is prudent to characterize against separation law. Hostile to segregation law alludes to the rule of law that restricts any extraordinary rights or benefits to the people having a place with some specific race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, age gathering or towards the people getting any physical just as mental capacities or inabilities. The law additionally forbids infringement and judgment of human privileges of the people based on their inborn attributes.

Apes Ecological Footprint Lab

Gorillas Ecological Footprint Lab In the Ecological impression lab I had discovered that my family utilizes a great deal of assets, products and so on. In certain pieces of the estimations for the biological impression my family would either utilize less and in certain pieces of the impression my family would utilize a greater amount of. That my environmental impression is 5. 6 hectares. 5. 6 hectares is around 14 sections of land. Only for the products, lodging, food, transportation, administrations and waste my family is spending around 56,285. My biological impression is high, and my family, including me ought not be utilizing as much things, or burning through cash on squander, when we don't have to.Exactly what is an environmental impression? A natural impression is the measure of organically gainful land and water expected to gracefully a region with assets and to assimilate the squanders and contamination delivered by such asset use. It is a gauge of the normal natural effect of people in a given nation or zone. The per capita biological impression is the normal environmental impression of a person in a zone. Humanity’s environmental impression surpasses by about 39% of the earth’s natural ability to recharge its sustainable assets and to assimilate the subsequent waste items and pollution.With the United States the impression per individual or hectares per individual is 9. 7. Route over of what we are assume to utilize, when a country’s biological impression is bigger than its environmental limit, it is utilizing and debasing its cropland, woodland, and so forth. With my family, were utilizing 5. 6 hectares which is practically 50% of what others are utilizing. At the point when a nation exhausts its regular capital, it should either endure the hurtful natural results or import food and different assets from different nations and fare its contaminations and squanders to worldwide air, seas, and waterways that go through a few countr ies.There are likewise some other created nations like our own. Created nations are nations that have a significant level of advancement as per a few standards. The primary industrialized nation was Britain, trailed by Belgium, Germany, United States, France and other Western European nations. One of the most evolved nations in China. China presently devours twice as much meat and about more than multiple times more steel. By 2020, China is anticipated to be the world’s biggest maker and buyer of vehicles and to have the world’s driving economy as far as GDP-PPP.If China’s economy keeps developing exponentially at 8-10% per year, by 2031 the country’s pay for each individual will arrive at that of the United States in 2006. In the event that this happens China will require 66% of the world’s current grain gather, double the world’s current paper utilization, and more than the current worldwide creation of oil. At that point are nations that dislike China, for example Africa. Africa would be a lacking nation. Immature nations are at the exceptionally base of the worldwide economy, with far reaching outrageous neediness and critical living conditions.That is on the grounds that they for the most part have almost no foundation or dependable human services and other social administrations. Many have encountered long haul political distress as common war or furnished clash with different countries, or have been dependent upon flimsy governments, fascisms, and additionally defilement. Likewise, they may often endure ecological occasions and cataclysmic events that cause starvation, demolition, and dislodging of enormous portions of their populations.According to the UN, the African nations that accomplished the most keen decreases in their HDI rankings somewhere in the range of 1990 and 2003 are South Africa, with a drop of thirty-five spots; Zimbabwe, with a drop of twenty-three spots; and Botswana, with a drop of twenty-on e spots. The primary markers on the human advancement file incorporate future and wellbeing, proficiency and instructive accomplishment, and salary. Human Development Report 2005 noticed that odds of endurance for an individual conceived in sub-Saharan Africa somewhere in the range of 2000 and 2005 are very little better than those of people living in England and Wales during the 1840s.Ways to improve this issues is by attempting to assist our immature nations. With our created nations we as of now have more than we need. So we should help transport merchandise to the nations that are in an increasingly more unfortunate state. With the assets and products, on the off chance that we needn't bother with them, at that point we don't have to get them. Likewise individuals could decrease a lot of water we use, food being squandered, and so on. We could all reuse jugs and whatever else that should be reused on the grounds that those reuse jugs can be reused, that way it doesn't develop ou r contamination of waste. Individuals should attempt to figure out how to quit contaminating the air.

Capstone Workshops at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Capstone Workshops at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following was composed by John Hughes, a second year MIA student studying Political and Economic Risk Analysis.   Please note that in the past, only MPA students were required to complete a workshop.   Starting with the fall of 2010, all MPA and MIA students will be required to complete a workshop to graduate. _____________________________ This year SIPA has doubled the number of Capstone workshops available to students to 32, assuring that a wide range of students will be able to take a workshop this spring.      MPA students are required to take a workshop as part of their degree, as are concentrators in Economic and Political Development and Energy and Environmental Policy.   With so many workshops on offer this year, however, many students not in one of these groups should also have a chance to participate. The workshops range from one implementing global food security priorities with Booz Allen Hamilton to one looking at how America should deal with non-state terrorist groups for the Center for American Progress.   Each workshop gives students the chance to work directly with a real-world client, is limited to six students, and is assigned a faculty advisor to help facilitate interaction between the group and the client.   Thus, students have an amazing opportunity to work on a real project for a client in an intimate setting, ensuring that each has a chance to interact with the sponsor.   For a list of this year’s workshops check out this link: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/workshops/projects.html#core The Economic and Political Development (EPD) and Energy and Environmental Policy (EEP) concentrations, as mentioned, have their own set of workshops, separate from the list above.    This gives students in these concentrations the opportunity to choose from a number of workshops directly related to their field. The EPD workshops, in particular, are always highly regarded, as they give EPD students the opportunity to go abroad for a couple weeks to work in the field.   Many EPD students cite the workshop as the highlight of their SIPA education, providing them with valuable field experience that gives them a leg up when applying for development positions.   For more information on the EPD workshops check out this link: http://sipa.columbia.edu/academics/concentrations/epd/workshop.html

Salem Witch Trials A Crucial Moment In History - Free Essay Example

Salem Witch Trials Thesis: The Salem Witch Trials are still relevant today as they serve as an example both of how mass hysteria arises at times of societal instability, and as a warning against the tendency of society to find a scapegoat for its fears and concerns. In the years leading up to the Salem Witch Trials, the Salem community experienced societal instability due to several different factors. Like all of the other colonies, Salem was established in a region where mortality rates were quite high, often due to famine, disease, and frequent wars. While there were multiple wars during the early colonial period, including wars with different Native American tribes, the Dutch, the French, and the Spaniards, it was King Williams War in particular that had the greatest impact on the New England area around the time of the witch trials. During King Williams war, which began in 1688, the English colonists fought against New France and its Native allies. There had already been much tension between English and French colonists leading up to the war, which only increased when Englands King William III joined the League of Augsburg to fight against France (roach intro). There were also ongoing disagreements over the border between New England and Acadia, a colony of New France that included parts of Maine, after many English colonists from Massachusetts had begun to expand and settle there. Throughout the war, the French and their Native American allies launched multiple attacks on English colonists. For example, at the Battle of Fort Loyal in 1690, in Falmouth, Maine, the French massacred two hundred English settlers, taking all the survivors as prisoners, and burning down what remained of the settlement. In addition, just days after the first girls in Salem became afflicted, the French and Abenaki Indians attacked York, Maine, killing fifty colonists, including women and children, slaughtering cattle, and destroying buildings and farms (roach 9). Thus, the incredibly close proximity of the battles to Salem worried many of the colonists there, and the fear of sudden attack became a prominent concern, playing into their everyday lives. While Salem, itself, was never the focal point of the attacks, much of the area was open to Indian invasion, and often Natives were seen creeping around the Salem Village, further increasing the anxieties of the colonists. Rumors of the death and destruction coming from other New England colonies also helped to spread panic. Furthermore, many of the colonists who were left homeless after the wars migrated to Salem, putting a strain on Salems already stretched resources. The economic strain of war refugees exacerbated another source of instability in the Salem area: tensions between Salem Village and Salem Town. While the town of Salem originally started out as a singular unit, after a wave of Puritan immigrants came to Massachusetts in 1630 during the Great Migration, the General Court allowed Salem to expand, giving it the legal right to settle its backwoods (B and n 37). This new land, which would eventually become Salem Village, was much more fertile than the land of Salem town, and thus would become populated by farmers, with an agricultural economy that would supply food to the population. However, similar to many other agricultural regions, as Salem Village expanded, it to hoped to become an independent town, wanting a church, minister, and meetinghouse of its own. Nevertheless, as Salem Village provided both food and tax money to the inhabitants of the town, Salem Town fought to maintain its authority over the village, which began the long-lasting conflict between Salem Town and Salem Village. After years of conflict, in March 1672, the General Court finally permitted Salem Village to build a meetinghouse and hire their own minister, promising to exempt the Villagers from paying the Towns church taxes (b and n 41). While this was a big step for the Villagers, they were still far from the independence they craved, as they still lacked autonomy and their own government. Furthermore, while they no longer had to walk several miles to attend the Towns church, their own minister could not be officially ordained, and thus could not administer communion or admit candidates candidates to formal church membership (tulane web). Thus, Salems church lacked any real authority. Due to the to the lack of power that Salem Villages own institutions held, disagreements amongst villagers tended to escalate rapidly, affecting the entire community, as there was no governing body to settle them ( b and n 52). Often, villagers would turn to the Salem Town Church and other powerful Town institutions to settle their disputes, however, the town often ignored the cries of the villagers, and often attempted to shame the Villagers into accepting personal moral responsibility for their troubles (b and n 52). Thus, not only d id Salem Villagers feel both exploited and neglected by the Town, but they suffered much societal instability due to the refusal of the Town to give them full autonomy. Not only did Salem Village and Salem Town have dissension over autonomy of the village, but they also experienced tensions due to their differing economic practices. While Salem Village, which lay in the hinterlands, relied mainly on agriculture, due to its harbor, Salem Town thrived as a center of trade and commerce (b and n 39). In 1683, the General Court declared Salems port one of the colonys ports of entry, through which all imports and exports were required to pass (too plagiarized). This not only emphasized Salems commercial importance, but it also opened up Salems access to the trading market with London, and it began exporting fish, furs, horses, grain, and a multitude of other good to colonies, the West Indies, and England (b and n 86). While these new developments lead to an increase in the Towns relative wealth, along with a rise of the merchant class, they also began to affect Salems politics. While before 1665, twice as many farmers as merchants had been elected to serve on the Town Board, merchants soon began replacing farmers, eventually outnumbering them six to one (b and n 87). Thus, only a small portion of farmers that had familial ties to merchants were able to maintain their political influence in the Town. In addition to losing political standing, Salem Villagers farmers also experienced an economic decline during this time. While agricultural wealth represented about forty percent of Salems total wealth in the 1650s, by the 1680s, it only represented about nine percent, suggesting that agriculture, the very livelihood of the villagers, had begun to decline as an industry (b and n 88). Other economic problems also ensued as the population of Salem Village grew, including the loss of available land for farming, leaving many men propertiless by 1690, and the decrease of average property size by nearly half as it became divided up for new families. As the villagers continued to watch Salem Town prosperer, while they themselves suffered economically, the hostility between the two only grew. While Salem Town seemed to be oblivious of the Villages struggles, Salem Village constantly felt the large presence of the Town and its successes, which they viewed as a hindrance to their own (b and n 88). In addition to the tension between Salem Town and Salem Village, there was conflict between the inhabitants of Salem Village, itself. While many of the villagers in the west, the area farthest inland from Salem Town, felt both intimidated and discouraged by the Townrs economic successes, not everyone from the Village felt this way. Some villagers actually saw the urbanization and commercial growth of the town as a promising development (b and n 94). Usually, it were these villagers who lived on the eastern side of the village, along the border of Salem Town. Closer to the Towns thriving trading center, as well its roads and waterways, the eastern villagers felt less alienated from the Town, and realized their potential to capitalize on the Towns successes ( b and n 94). Furthermore, the eastern side of Salem Village also had better quality land (b and n 96). Compared to the marshes and sharp hills that broke up land in the west, the east had mainly broad flat meadows, making it easier to grow crops. Thus, coupled with their closer proximity to the Town, the eastern side was better able to supply Salem Town with the goods it needed, giving it another advantage over the farmers in the west. Due to the west villagers resentment towards the easts success, along with the slowly shifting views of the easterners, the Village soon became divided, with two factions beginning to emerge. While the west farmers hoped to stay connected to the past habits and values that prized the community (games 59), the eastern villagers hoped for something else entirely, or a market oriented economy which tolerated and even accepted individual ambition. The west valued agriculture, a practice that had been their livelihood for generations. They saw their way of life as beneficial to the community and its greater good, looking down upon the capitalism emerging in Salem Town as an economy based in selfishness and self-interest. Many westerners even began to fear a capitalist society, worrying about the possibility of the easterners destroying their long-held traditions and values by engaging in the practices of Salem Town. Thus, it was no wonder that Jeremiah Watts, a resident of Salem Village, described the community in 1682 as one in which brother is against brother and neighbors [are] against neighbors, all quarreling and smiting one another (b and n 45 footnote 12). Furthermore, with both widespread jealousy and fear among the villagers themselves, along with the accumulation of all the other tensions in Salems society, the accusations and mass hysteria that soon followed is no unexplained occurrence. While the first three witchcraft accusations that emerged in 1692 would never have caused such an uproar on their own, it was the mass hysteria that ensued that turned the Salem Witch Trials into such an epidemic. After the strange fits that Abigail Williams and Betty Parris experienced in January, fear of witchcraft increased twofold. However, it was really after the confession of Reverend Parris Indian slave, Tituba, that accusations began to spread rapidly. By April, 22 more witches had been accused, and by May, 39 more had been added to that list ( b and n 31). In fact, towards the end of the summer, the number of accusations had become so great that accurate records of the official proceedings were no longer kept. By the time the trials had ended in May 1693, just a little over a year after they had started, more than 185 people had been accused of witchcraft and a total of 19 had been hanged: 14 women and 5 men (karlsen, 51). While 19 people may not sound like such a large number today, the population of Salem at the time of the trials was around 2,000, meaning that almost twenty percent of the villagers population had been accused of witchcraft, and roughly one out of every hundred of Salems residents had been executed. While outbreaks of witchcraft were not uncommon during this time, what distinguishes the Salem Witch Trials from other trials in North America and Europe is the fact that not all of the accused were poor, or of lower status, a common characteristic among those accused of being witches. Rather, many of the accused actually came from more prominent families in Salem (b and n 32). Although the first few witches were considered societal outcasts, after the initial accusations, a new pattern among the accused arose. In March, two Church members and well respected wives of wealthy landowners were accused. Similarly, in April, accusations were brought against Philip English, the wealthiest ship owner in Salem, and former Salem Village minister, George Burroughs (b and n 32). Throughout the summer of 1692, many of Massachusetts most upstanding women and men had been accused, including wealthy Boston merchant, Hezekiah Usher, Nathaniel Saltonstall, a member of the of the Governors Council and a former judge on the Court of Oyer and Terminer, and Lady Phips, the governors wife (b and n 32). By the end of the summer, the accusations had reached people in such a high level in society, that one of the lawyers who prepared the cases against the accused wrote, The afflicted spare no person of what quality so ever (boyer and nissenbaum page 32). The high status of the people accused only demonstrated the extent of the mass hysteria in Salem: the panic and fear had become so widespread that anyone was at risk of being labeled a witch, no matter where they stood in the social hierarchy. As with many cases of mass hysteria brought on from societal tensions, during the Salem Witch Trials, a scapegoat was necessary to explain the conflicts present in society. In Salem, devil worshipping witches made an obvious scapegoat. However, it was really the characteristics of the accused witches that made them them good scapegoats, easier for them to take all the blame. Typically, scapegoats are vulnerable members in society, or those who overall lack power. Thus, 1692 Salem, women perfectly fit the bill. According to Puritan religion, God had placed man above all other creatures, therefore placing men over women, and husbands superior to wives (karlsen 164). In educating their congregants about the nature of womanhood, it was common for ministers to preach about the obligation of female subjugation, warning about the severe consequences should a woman fail to do so (166 karlsen). Thus, in order for a woman to be a devout Puritan, she had to believe that she was created to lend herself to mans needs, as women who failed to serve men failed to serve God (karlsen 166). In that regard, it is understandable that in Puritan society, the main role of of a woman was seen as that of a wife, her main duties simply domestic ones, such as taking care of both children and home (karlsen 165). Furthermore, the ideal Puritan wife was loyal, an alter ego of her husband rather than an autonomous mate, and one who acknowledging him as Lord (karlsen 165). Just as woman were utterly powerless in marital relationships, having no identity separate from their husbands, so too they were thought of as members in society. This made it incredibly more easy for women to become scapegoats during the Salem Witch Trials, explaining why compared to only 44 males, 141 females were accused of witchcraft. Furthermore, almost all of the accused men were relatives of female witches, oftentimes husbands, brother, and sons. The vulnerability of women also accounted for the fact that while only 7 men were ultimately tried (16%), 52 of the accused women (36%) were brought to trial (karl sen 51). Given no standing in society, Puritan women were unable to protect themselves, completely subjugated by the men who enforced the belief that witches were women and also had the power to decide the fates of the accused. Aside from being powerless in society, many scapegoats also tend to differ from societal norms. In Puritan New England, there existed many rigid societal norms, including the practice of male heirs receiving and controlling property (games 41). Due to the the little power and social standing given to Puritan women, it was not considered acceptable for women to inherit property from their father or husband. In fact, many people even even feared propertied women, viewing them as a threat to societal order and Puritan gender roles. Furthermore, propertied women also produced much resentment among young men, who often felt that their own mothers claim to her husbands property simply delayed their own access to their fathers land (games 41). These fears and resentments made women who had inherited property good scapegoats, accounting for the fact that 61% of accused females owned land (karlsen 102). Similarly, propertied women were also 64% more likely to be prosecuted, 76% more likely to be found guilty, and 89% more likely to be executed than non-propertied women (karlsen 102). For example, Sarah Osborne, one of the first three women accused, broke societal norms after she inherited her late husbands 150 acre farm and attempted to gain full legal control of the property. Furthermore, soon after, Sarah became married again, this time to her indentured servant (b and n 194). As this too was deemed improper in Puritan culture, the community began to view Sarah as even more a deviant to the norm, and thus as a threat to the natural order of society. Similarly, many other propertied women were accused of witchcraft, such as Martha Carrier, who had inherited her fathers large farm, Elizabeth Howe, in line to inherit a third of her fathers estate, and Ann Pudeator, who had inherited the wealth of her two deceased husbands (b and n 195). While women and outcasts were never actually responsible for the troubles that plagued Salem, some of the people scapegoated were more directly involved, or at least seen as having played a larger role in Salems tensions. For example, after Abigail Hobbs confessed that she had first met the Devil in Falmouths woods during a period of Indian attacks in that area, some of the newly accused witches began to have connections to the frontier wars (Games 61). After Hobbs confession, the number of accusations rose quickly, and the geographic location of the accused spread. While at first, the accused mostly came from Salem, now, many of the accused lived in Maine, Boston, and parts of the larger New England area, all areas where major French and Indian attacks had previously taken place. Furthermore, many of the newly accused were men, some even wealthy with respectable positions in society. However, what linked all of these accused were their involvement in the frontier wars. Some were men thought responsible for the loss of certain battles, while others had just been fortunate enough to escape even though the rest of their town was destroyed, inciting both suspicion and jealousy in those less fortunate (games 61, ibid). Meanwhile, many others were wealthy merchants who profited from trade with Indians. No matter the involvement of the accused, society needed someone who they could blame for the suffering that resulted from the wars, as many people lost homes, livelihoods, and even family members. Thus, these men became the scapegoats, held accountable for the damage, simply by living on the frontier or being associated with the Indians, even though many had played little or even no role in the actual war.

Euthanasia Essay - The Controversial Issue of...

The Controversial Issue of Doctor-Assisted Suicide Imagine youu have just found out you are going to die within three months. Recently the questions have been changed form, What am I going to do with the rest of my life? to When should I kill myself? With painful and crippling diseases such as AIDS and cancer, and Alzheimers along with doctors such as Dr. Kavorkian, some people are choosing death over life. Doctor assisted suicide has been a very controversial subject in the past few years. Some states such as Oregon have passed laws which allow doctors to prescribe lethal drugs to patients who have less then six months to live.(Henin 1) Other state have taken the opposite side. I†¦show more content†¦I we take away this right from people we are taking steps towards taking away other rights. Would it be morally right to allow that person to suffer in pain in anguish through some terminal illness?(Haney2) I completely agree with him. What rights will they take away next? One problem people fae when they are seriously ill is the lack of money. There always weems to be one more bill waiting to be paid. They need money to buy prescription drugs, pay for the doctor appointments, tests, and in some cases lenghty hospital stays. Some insurance companies will refuse to pay for certain test, or drugs, or even refuse treatment altogether. Many patients cant aford to pay for these treatments, and even if they coulld, most of the treatments only prolong life for a short amount fof time. There is also no guarantee that the quality of life during these treatments woulld be wourk the time and money. No one wants to die in debt and leave their families with nothing but medical bills. If you dont wish to continue living in pain, why should you have to pay for treatment that you dont want? When someone is sicsk it is hard on the whole family. When someone is dying they not only have to deal with their own pain and suffering, both physically and mentally but also with the suffering that their friends and family areShow MoreRelatedEuthanasi Assisted Suicide And It769 Words   |  4 Pagesis discussing her opinion about euthanasia. Euthanasia is also known as physician-assisted suicide and it is clearly is exactly what it is explained. A physician or a doctor gives lethal dose of medication until the patient passes away. Just as the quotation described it people have their beliefs on what is the right way to die and this is why this topic can be considered very controversial because it is an assisted suicide. The people who are against euthanasia believe that it is inhumane and itRead More Physician-Assisted Suicide is Morally and Ethically Acceptable1160 Words   |  5 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚   The long time debate over medically assisted suicide, the presence of a doctor at a patient’s suicide, resurfaced again with the conviction of doctor Jack Kevorkian.   Kevorkian was convicted of second degree murder when he euthanized, or administered the injection himself, Thomas Youk on September 17, 1998.   Dr. Kevorkian, an advocate and practitioner of medically assisted suicides, has many opponents on the issue. Opponents say that it is unethical and even with the consent of the patientRead MoreShould Euthanasia Be Legalized?1490 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Argumentative Essay 1 November 2015 Word Count - 1488 Mercy or No Mercy Soul is immortal. But body is mortal. In life there could be multiple problems. Some problems could be life threatening. There are some stages in life where one has to make decisions. Imagine you are in a place where you lost all your vital abilities and you have to spend your entire life like that. Your family and friend are in pain too just like you are in pain. What would you do? Euthanasia is and act where a personRead MoreA Brief Note On Euthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide1656 Words   |  7 Pages Support the Right to Choose-Euthanasia Shawnna Meyer ENGL 111-02F Professor Heather Burford April 20, 2016 Situational Analysis: This essay is a formal academic manuscript that was written to provide personal bias about the topic of euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide. More specifically the essay addresses the religious aspects of this topic and what role it plays in the conflict. I, the author, am applying to the nursing school at IVY Tech. The audience for this piece ofRead MorePersuasive Essay Pro Euthanasia954 Words   |  4 PagesGrace (JiEun) Lee AP Language and composition Persuasive essay 6 October 2017 Euthanasia legalization The ultimate value of life depends upon awareness and the power of contemplation rather than upon mere survival. Aristotle Being one of the most fervid and controversial topic of all, euthanasia, also known as physician-assisted suicide, has initiated a very sensitive discussion on life and death under one’s ability to choose either side. Euthanasia is defined as a â€Å"the act or practice of killing or permittingRead MoreArguments Against Legalized Euthanasia Essay example1143 Words   |  5 Pageson-going coma, issues of ethical response to the situation, legal theological prescriptions, and feelings of love and caring compete (Larue 1). In such conditions, the possibility for euthanasia may increase. In this country euthanasia has become a complex and controversial subject. But, what is euthanasia? According to the American Heritage Dictionary, euthanasia is the act of painlessly ending the life of a person. In simple terms, it means killing. Therefore, euthanasia should not be legalizedRead MoreAssisted Suicide - Introduction1878 Words   |  8 Pageshim, and such consent does not affect the criminal responsibility of any person by whom death may be inflicted on the person by whom consent is given.†, this is according to the Indiana Code of Criminal Law and Procedure. In ancient days, assisted suicide was frequently seen as a way to preserve one’s honor. For the past twenty-five years, on the other hand, the practice has been viewed as a response to the progress of modern medicine. New and often expensive medical technologies have been developedRead MoreAssisted Suicide - Introduction1887 Words   |  8 Pageson him, and such consent does not affect the criminal responsibility of any person by whom death may be inflicted on the person by whom consent is given.†, this is according to the Indiana Code of Criminal Law and Procedure. In ancient days, assisted suicide was frequently seen as a way to preserve one’s honor. For the past twenty-five years, on the other hand, the practice has been viewed as a response to the progress of modern medicine. New and often expensive medical technologies have been developedRead MoreAssisted Death And Voluntary Euthanasia1586 Words   |  7 PagesTO ALLOW ‘ASSISTED DYING’ FOR THE TERMINALLY ILL? To begin with, assisted dying remains highly topical and debated, both in the public and medical arena. Assisted death, incorporates both physician assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. It gives the freedom to a terminally ill person or a mentally competent adult, to choose on their own free will and after meeting strict legal safeguards, takes prescribed medication which will end their life in dying. There are two types of Euthanasia. InvoluntaryRead More Physician-Assisted Suicide Essay2768 Words   |  12 PagesPhysician-Assisted Suicide Francis Bacon once said, â€Å"I do not believe that any man fears to be dead, but only the stroke of death.† In other words, people are not afraid to die. Rather, they are afraid of the way in which they are going to die. Today, four centuries of medical progress later, Bacon’s words are truer than ever. Medical advances have allowed physicians to prolong the lives of their patients, or maybe it would be better to say, to prolong their deaths. People are